I lost old U.S. passport or citizenship paperwork. Can I get copies of old State Department records?

A: Often, yes. The State Department keeps U.S. passport records dating back to March 1925 and may have old passport applications and certain citizenship records, including Consular Reports of Birth Abroad. These records can help when the original paperwork is missing. They are not a travel history and do not show every trip, visa, or entry stamp. For citizenship proof, request the specific record you actually need.

How can I check the current wait for a U.S. visa interview at a particular embassy or consulate?

A: Use the State Department’s Global Visa Wait Times page before making travel plans. It shows recent wait information for U.S. embassies and consulates around the world, including estimated visitor visa interview availability. Treat the number as a planning estimate, not a guaranteed appointment date. New slots can open, workloads change, and the posted interview wait does not include the time needed to adjudicate the visa or return your passport.

My company has only a few large U.S. transactions each year. Can that still be enough trade for E-1?

A: Possibly. The value of the contracts matters, but E-1 substantial trade also looks for an ongoing flow of transactions over time. A few high value deals are stronger than one isolated transaction, but the company still needs to show continuing trade between the United States and the treaty country. The number, frequency, and value of the transactions all matter.

If I buy a U.S. apartment and rent it out, can that qualify me for an E-2 visa?

A: Usually not by itself. E-2 is for an active operating business that you will develop and direct. Simply owning a rental property and collecting rent with little business activity is generally too passive. A real property management or development company can be different if it has genuine operations, staffing, and investment. The question is whether you are buying an investment asset or building and running a business.

My spouse is coming with me in E-2 status. Does my spouse need a separate work permit before starting a job?

A: Generally, no. A qualifying E spouse is usually authorized to work based on the spouse’s E status and does not need to wait for a separate EAD. Check the Form I-94 arrival record for the spouse specific E-2S classification because that is important for employment verification. Children in E-2 dependent status do not receive the same automatic work authorization.

My green card is expired or about to expire and I am already eligible for citizenship. Do I need to renew the card first?

A: Not always. You can generally file Form N-400 for citizenship even if the physical green card is expired. A properly filed N-400 receipt currently extends the card’s validity for 24 months when used with the card. You may still need Form I-90 or temporary proof of permanent resident status if the card is lost or you need longer evidence. Conditional residents should not use Form I-90 to remove conditions.

I owe federal taxes, but I have an IRS payment plan and am current on every payment. Can I still apply for naturalization?

A: Owing taxes does not automatically bar naturalization, but USCIS examines whether you filed required returns, addressed the liability, and are complying with the payment agreement. Failure to file or pay taxes can affect good moral character. Bring the installment agreement, tax transcripts, and proof that all required payments are current.

Can I enter the U.S. as a tourist, marry my U.S. citizen partner, and stay to apply for a green card?

A: The marriage itself is not prohibited, but entering as a visitor while secretly intending to remain permanently can create a serious fraud or willful misrepresentation issue. A B-2 or ESTA traveler must be truthful about the purpose of the trip and eligibility for temporary admission. There is no automatic rule that every marriage followed by adjustment is fraud, but the government’s focus is what you intended and represented when you sought the visa or entry. This should be evaluated before travel, not after the wedding.

What can Customs and Border Protection (CBP) search on my phone?

A: CBP can search information that is resident on the phone when it is presented for inspection. Under CBP policy, officers may not use the device to access information stored solely remotely in the cloud. Before a basic or advanced search, they must disable data and network connections. Officers may do this by asking you to use airplane mode and disable Bluetooth and Wi Fi, or by disabling connectivity themselves. Information already stored on the phone can still be examined.